C4D Course Resources

Module TWO: Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3, Unit 4


Course Workbooks (PDF)

 

Because you may not receive your course materials packet prior to the start of the course, we have provided these PDF versions of the course workbooks that you may download and print. In the interest of conservation, we encourage you to print only what you need. [note: workbooks will be available at the start of Module 1 on the ONLINE version of the course.

 


Course Readings

Note: On the online version of the course, this page contains ALL the readings in the course. In this downloadable module, you'll find links only to the resources from the module. We do this to keep the download small.

 

Module TWO

Unit 1

Required Readings

Family Health International, (1996). Behavior change -- A summary of four major theories. AIDSCAP Behavioral Research Unit. [13 p.]

Hayden, J. (2009). Introduction to Health Behavior Theory, (Chapter 4, pp. 31 – 44). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. [14 p.]

University of Twente (n.d.). Health belief model. Retrieved from http://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Health%20Communication/Health_Belief_Model.doc/. [1 p.]

    Note: This brief document repeats some information from the “summary of major theories” reading above, but also has a helpful table format with concept, definition and “application” columns – this last column provides good examples of how HBM can be applied in health promotion.

Ajzen, I. (n.d.). TPB Diagram (web page). Retrieved from http://www.people.umass.edu/aizen/tpb.diag.html. [1 p.]

    Note: This diagram has “clickable concepts” that provide definitions and additional information. The diagram covers the “Theory of Planned Behavior,” which is an evolution of the Theory of Reasoned Action (1980). TRA became TPB when the concept of “perceived behavioral control” was added.

Cancer Research Prevention Center (n.d.). Detailed overview of the transtheoretical model (web page). Retrieved from http://www.uri.edu/research/cprc/TTM/detailedoverview.htm. [14 p.]

 

Optional Exemplars

The following short readings bridge research and theory with practice by providing concrete examples of how theoretical concepts from this unit and the module as a whole are used in interventions that relate to subject matter of interest to UNICEF staff members.

Al-Akour, N., et al. (2010). Factors affecting intention to breastfeed among Syrian and Jordanian mothers: a comparative cross-sectional study. International Breastfeeding Journal 5(6). [8 p.]

Curtis, V.A., Danquah, L. O., and Aunger, R. V. (2009). Planned, motivated and habitual hygiene behaviour: An eleven country review. Health Education Research 24(4). 655 – 673. [19 p.]

Weinrich, N. K. (1999). The “Don’t Kid Yourself” campaign case study. Excerpted from Hands-On Social Marketing: A Step-by-Step Guide by Nedra Kline Weinreich (Sage Publications, 1999). [13 p.]

 

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Module 2, Unit 2

Required Readings

Social Learning Theory (Bandura). Retrieved from http://www.learning-theories.com/social-learning-theory-bandura.html. [2 p.]

Abbot, L. (n.d.). Social learning theory: From notes on Ormond’s Human Learning. Retrieved from http://teachnet.edb.utexas.edu/~Lynda_abbot/Social.html. [6 p.]

Robinson, L. (2009). A summary of Diffusion of Innovations. Retrieved from http://www.enablingchange.com.au/Summary_Diffusion_Theory.pdf. [9 p.]

Greiner, K. (2012). Linking theory and strategy in Communication for Development: The examples of Entertainment

Rogers, E. (1995). Diffusion of Innovations (4th ed.). New York: Free Press. [excerpt – 20 p.]

Optional Readings

Social Learning Theory

Papa et al., (2000). Entertainment education and social change: An analysis of parasocial interaction, social learning, collective efficacy and paradoxical communication. Journal of Communication 50(4), 31- 55. [24 p.]

Bandura, A. (1994). Social cognitive theory and exercise of control over HIV infection. In R. J. DiClemente and J. L. Peterson (Eds.), Preventing AIDS: Theories and methods of behavioral interventions (pp. 25-59). New York: Plenum. [34 p.]

Reininger, et al., (2010). Community-based participatory research in an obesity prevention media campaign for Mexican Americans: Tu Salud ¡Si Cuenta! Health Promotion and Practice 11(3), 347 – 357. [10 p.]

Singhal, A., and Rogers, E. (2002). A theoretical agenda for entertainment-education. Communication Theory 12(2). [excerpt – 6 p.]

Boeree, G. (2006). Albert Bandura. Retrieved from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/bandura.html. [7 p.]

Diffusion of Innovations

Bertrand, J. (2004). Diffusion of innovations and HIV/AIDS prevention. Journal of Health Communication 9. 113- 121. [8 p.]

Cain, M. and Mittman, R. (2002). Diffusion of innovation in health care [report]. California Health Care Foundation. [29 p.]

UNICEF (2008). Chatting with my best friend: Nepal’s first radio programme created for and by youth (web page). Retrieved from http://www.unicef.org/cbsc/index_44205.html. [2 p.]

 

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Module 2, Unit 3

Required Readings

Bicchieri, C. (2006). The grammar of society: The nature and dynamics of social norms. New York: Cambridge University Press. [preface and pp. 1 – 3]. [8 p.]

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist (July 1977). 513 – 522. [9 p.]

Paquette, D., and Ryan, J. (n.d.). Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. Retrieved from http://pt3.nl.edu/paquetteryanwebquest.pdf. [4 p.]

UNICEF (n.d.). Coordinated strategy to abandon female genital mutilation/cutting in one generation: A human rights-based approach to programming [technical note]. Retrieved from http://www.polisci.ucsd.edu/~gmackie/documents/unicef_coordinated_strategy_to_abandon.pdf. [pp. 1-3, 13-18, and 22-25]. [12 p.]

National Social Norms Institute (2002). What is social norms theory? Retrieved from http://www.socialnorm.org/pdf/themainframe.pdf. [2 p.]

Optional Readings

Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs (2009). Longitudinal study of Australian children: Key research questions. [technical report]. Retrieved from http://www.aifs.gov.au/growingup/pubs/reports/krq2009/KeyResearchQuestionsJuly09.pdf.  [9 p.]

Airhihenbuwa, C.O., and Webster, J. D. W. (2004). Culture and African contexts of  HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support. Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance 1(1).  4 – 13. [9 p.]

Drinkwater, M. (2009). “We are also human”: Identity and power in gender relations. In S. Hickey and D. Mitlin (Eds.), Rights-Based Approaches to Development (pp. 145-162). Sterling, VA: Kumarian Press. [18 p.]

 

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Module 2, Unit 4

Required Readings

Celebrating Everyday Heroes in Nepal: A Comprehensive C4D Strategy (2014). Theoretical Framework, pp. 9-11.

  • The traditional (scientific) means of evaluating theory:

Littlejohn, S., (1983). Theory in the process of inquiry. In S. Littlejohn, Theories of Human Communication (3rd ed.), (pp. 21- 37). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. [17 p.]

WikiBooks (2009). Introduction to Communication Theory/Evaluating Theory (web page). Retrieved from http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Communication_Theory/Evaluating_Theory. [3 p.]

National Guidance Research Forum (n.d.).How do we choose between theories? Retrieved from http://www.guidance-research.org/EG/impprac/ImpP2/how-do-we [2 p.]

Lau, J., and Chan, J. (n.d.). Choosing among theories. Critical Thinking Web. Retrieved from http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/sci/induction.php. [1 p.]

  • Alternative (ethical) means of evaluating theory:

Gumucio-Dagron, A., (2007). Playing with fire. CFSC/MAZI articles. Retrieved from http://www.communicationforsocialchange.org/mazi-articles.php?id=354. [7 p.]

 

NOTE: In Module 1, Unit 1, you read Silvio Waisbord’s (2001) article, Family tree of theories, methodologies, and strategies in development communication. You do not need to read this article again, but you may wish to refer to it as a tool for considering the position of theory in C4D.

 

Optional Readings

  • Means of combining theories:

Stokols, D. (1996).Translating social ecological theory into guidelines for community health promotion. American Journal of Health Promotion 10(4). 282 – 298. [16 p.]

California Department of Public Health (n.d.). Social ecological model [white paper]. Retrieved from http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/cpns/Documents/Network-Appendix6SocialEcologicalModel.pdf. [3 p.]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (n.d.). Violence prevention – The social-ecological model: A framework for prevention (web page). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/overview/social-ecologicalmodel.html. [2 p.]

Brieger, W. (n.d.). Health behavior and the ecological model [powerpoint presentation]. Retrieved from http://ocw.jhsph.edu/courses/SocialBehavioralFoundations/PDFs/Lecture2.pdf. [Slides 53-72]. [22 slides (powerpoint).]

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